1. The start of the fast-growing and high-yield forest project provides a great opportunity for the development of my country’s poplar industry

China is a big producer of timber and wood products in the world, and a big consumer. At the same time, it is a country with few forest resources per capita. The implementation of the Natural Forest Protection Project in 1998 made the contradiction between my country's timber supply and demand more prominent.

The "2002 China Timber Market and Industry Research Report" pointed out that the current domestic demand for wood has reached 300 to 330 million m3, but the country is currently over-exploited, the maximum possible timber provided is 231 million m3, so the gap is at least It is estimated that by 2005, my country’s total timber demand will reach 360 million m3, and the timber supply gap will be at least 110 million m3; by 2015, the total demand will reach 420 million m3, and the timber supply gap will be at least It is 130 million m3.

According to statistics, in 2001, imported timber and its products (including logs, sawn timber, wood-based panels, and pulp) were converted into logs amounting to 77 million m3, which cost US$5.3 billion in foreign exchange. my country has become a major timber importer.

The gap between the supply and demand of timber and the structural contradiction will become more prominent. To solve this contradiction, if we rely on imported timber, it will not only be constrained by the international market, but also consume a large amount of foreign exchange, the country’s burden will be too heavy. One is to accelerate the development of fast-growing and high-yield forests to increase the supply of reserve resources and meet the needs of all walks of life for wood; the second is to vigorously develop the industrial production of wood-based panels. my country has abundant raw materials (wood and non-wood) for the wood-based panel industry and a huge potential market. The development of wood-based panel production will be an effective way to solve the contradiction between my country's wood supply and demand.

The development of fast-growing and high-yield forests is an important way to solve my country’s timber supply. For this reason, the country has initiated the construction of forestry industry bases in key areas with fast-growing and high-yield timber forests ("Fast-growing and High-yielding Forest Project"), which has been officially listed in my country’s Ten The "Five" development plan has become a national key project. This is the only construction project of the forestry industry system among the six key forestry projects. The other five projects are all engaged in my country's ecological construction, and only this project is mainly to solve the supply problem of my country's timber and forest products. Through the implementation of the project, it is necessary to meet the needs of the national economy and social development for timber and forest products, reduce the pressure on the protection of natural forest resources, and promote the construction of the other five projects. At the same time, it is a "Hope Project" for enhancing and developing forestry strength.

According to the plan, the scope of implementation of the project is mainly east of the 400 mm isotherm. The natural conditions are superior, the site conditions are good, the terrain is relatively flat, not easy to cause soil erosion, and will not adversely affect the ecological environment of tropical and southern subtropical Guangdong. The Guiqiongmin region, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the northern subtropical zone, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in the temperate zone (including the Huaihe and Haihe river basins) and the cold temperate zone of northeast Inner Mongolia. The project specifically involves 18 provinces and regions, including 886 counties (cities) in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Yunnan. , Districts), 114 forestry bureaus (fields). According to market needs, after 15 years of hard work, it will be divided into two phases, according to three phases, namely the first phase from 2001 to 2005, the second phase from 2006 to 2015, of which 2006 to 2010 is the second phase, 2011 The third phase will be from 2015 to 2015. A batch of fast-growing and high-yielding timber forest bases of considerable scale will be built with a high-input, high-output, highly intensive operation, corporate, market-oriented, and commercialized model.

Project scale: The total scale of the project construction is 13.33 million hectares (nearly 200 million acres), and there are 99 construction projects. There are three types of timber forest bases: pulpwood base with a scale of 5.86 million hectares and 39 construction projects; a man-made board base with a scale of 4.97 million hectares and 50 construction projects; 2.5 million hectares of large-diameter timber base with 10 construction projects. Of the 13.33 million hectares of the total scale, 6.18 million hectares of artificial forests will be newly planted and 7.15 million hectares of existing forests will be cultivated. It is divided into four key areas, namely, Guangdong, Guangxi, Qiongmin, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Northeast, and Inner Mongolia. The construction scale of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is as follows:

This area includes the Yellow River Basin in Henan, Hebei and Shandong Provinces, as well as the Huaihe and Haihe River basins in eastern Henan, central Hebei, southern Hebei, and western Shandong. The construction scale is 1.048 million hectares, accounting for 8% of the total scale. The construction direction is: to cultivate a pulp raw material forest mainly composed of triploid Chinese white poplar, Italian poplar, and Salan populus; and a man-made board raw material forest mainly composed of triploid Chinese white poplar and paulownia.

Calculated on the basis of an average annual growth rate of 15 m3 per hectare, after the completion of the entire base, the annual growth rate of forest stands will be 19958 million m3, and the output will be 1333.7 billion m3. Providing 40% of the domestic demand for timber for production, coupled with the logging and utilization of existing forest resources, has basically balanced the domestic timber supply and demand.

According to the national fast-growing and high-yield forest construction plan, in Shandong, the main development of pulp raw material forests based on triploid Chinese white poplar, Italian poplar, and Salan poplar and artificial board raw material forests based on triploid Chinese white poplar and paulownia. It is obvious that poplars will It plays an important role in the development of Shandong Sufenglin and also brings good opportunities for the industrialization of Shandong poplar.

2. A large number of poplar seedlings are also needed for the greening of the plains and the construction of green passages

The construction of farmland forest nets, shelter belts, and construction of green passages in Shandong Province and surrounding provinces are mainly poplars, especially the construction of green passages throughout the country. There are tens or even hundreds of meters on both sides of the main roads. Greenbelt, and currently the main selection of the green channel is the black poplar cultivar of poplar. Both of these aspects require a large amount of poplar seedlings.

According to statistics, the output of green tree seedlings in Shandong Province in 2002 was about 2 billion, of which 1.4 billion poplars and willows were fast-growing seedlings, accounting for 70% of the total seedling production. The output of commercial seedlings is about 600 million, accounting for 30% of the total seedlings. Among them, the commercial seedlings of poplar and willow are about 200 million, accounting for 33% of the commercial seedlings. About 1.4 billion propagating materials were produced this year, of which 900 million poplar and willow seedlings, accounting for 64%, and 400 million seedlings of other conventional tree species such as Sophora japonicus, ash, albizia, farrow, ginkgo, cedar, etc. , Accounting for 30%. The remaining small trees, shrubs and vines have fewer seedlings, less than 7%.

Judging from the above-mentioned nursery stock market statistics, the proportion of poplar seedlings is currently large, which is basically in line with the current development trend.

3. Poplar wood is widely used and in large demand

Poplar wood can be processed and utilized for multi-level and multi-variety products, as shown in Table 1-1. Its main uses are the utilization of solid wood such as paper pulp, veneer and plywood, packaging boxes, furniture, and particleboard, fiberboard, etc.

The pulp of my country’s paper mills has always been imported. As the scale of paper mills increases, the supply of pulp will become more tight. Poplar wood can provide a large number of short-period papermaking materials. Many paper companies in Shandong have already started poplar papermaking. The construction of the raw material base forest provides an important opportunity for the development of poplars.

Poplar is an important raw material for the production of various wood-based panels. my country's wood processing enterprises are developing rapidly. The raw materials for plywood, fiberboard, medium density fiberboard (MDF) and particleboard in Shandong Province are mainly derived from poplar.

At the same time, the entire poplar tree can be used. Log sections of different diameter classes have different uses, such as:

1. Veneer and plywood: Generally, poplar trees with a growth age of 10-15 years are used, with a diameter of up to 30-50 cm.

2. Furniture material: Generally, poplar wood with a growth age of 7-10 years is used, and its diameter is mostly 20-30 cm, and the volume of raw wood is 20-30m3/ha;

3. Other wood-based panel materials: Poplar wood aged 5-6 years, due to its small size, is mainly used for particleboard, fiberboard, medium density fiberboard and oriented strand board.

It is also suggested that dry wood of poplar wood of more than 26 cm should be used for the processing and utilization of construction timber, plywood, veneer and sawn timber. The dry wood of diameter class less than 26 cm and the tips, branches and stumps should be used for fiberboard, particle board and pulp and paper.　　 At present, some countries have adopted the diameter class 16-18 cm as the grading standard for wood use, and the diameter class above 16-18 cm is used as the raw material of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and plywood.

4. Poplar has a short cutting cycle, good efficiency in processing and utilization of poplar wood, and high income from planting

Generally, poplar pulpwood can be harvested in 4 years old, and poplar board can be harvested in 8 years old. The wood output is generally 1.5m3 to 2.5m3 per mu. The market price of poplar wood has risen from RMB3300 to RMB400 per m2 in the past. m3400 yuan to 650 yuan. Planting poplars only requires a large investment in the initial purchase of seedlings, and less investment during the growth period, which saves labor and production costs.

According to investigations, in 2000, Jiangsu Province had cultivated more than 200 million Italian poplars, planting area of 200,000 hectares, commercial forest stock volume of 20 million m3, annual harvesting volume of 4 million m3, more than 5,000 poplar wood processing enterprises, and wood-based panel production. 1.4 million m3, sales revenue of 15 billion yuan, profits and taxes of 780 million yuan. The output value of wood production in the poplar cultivation counties has reached 15-30% of the total local agricultural income.

However, with the recent adjustment of the agricultural industry structure in Shandong, the poplar industry has also developed. According to reports, Huantai County, Shandong Province, a well-known "ton-grain county", has now become a major forestry county. Newly planted poplars in the ton-grain fields have grown into squares, and the county has grown to more than 20 major contracted afforestation households, some dozens of them. Mu, some hundreds of acres. Last year, the county completed afforestation area of more than 30,000 mu, which is equivalent to the sum of the previous five years. There are more than 120 large and small forest product processing and paper-making enterprises in Huantai County, and the demand for wood is large. Only two forest product processing companies, Senmei and Xinghua, need 200,000 tons of wood a year. The whole body of the poplar is a treasure, the trunk wood pulp is used to make paper, and the side branches are all used to produce medium-density fiberboard.